Head to hanger hydraulic connection

ABSTRACT

Well completion apparatus comprises a tubing head and a tubing hanger, tubing suspended from the hanger, a valve in the tubing biased to closed position and adapted to be opened by the pressure from a control line, a control line extending from the valve to the tubing hanger and connected to passage means in the tubing hanger, passage means in the tubing head adapted for connection to a source of control pressure fluid, and means for connecting the passage means in the head with the passage means in the hanger. In one embodiment a retractable screw type tubular stinger in the tubing head makes the connection with the tubing hanger passage means by sealingly entering a socket in the tubing hanger. Means is provided to align the tubing hanger azimuthally relative to the tubing head to allow the stinger to enter such socket. In another embodiment the tubing hanger is provided with annular isolation seals above and below an annular groove in the tubing hanger at the outer end of the passage means therein, the seals engaging the tubing head above and below the passage means therein. In this embodiment no azimuthal alignment means is required.

United States Patent 1 Beson June 19, 1973 1 HEAD T0 HANGER HYDRAULICCONNECTION [75] Inventor: John Beson, Houston, Tex. [73] Assignee:Rockwell Manufacturing Company,

' Houston, Tex.

[22] Filed: Jan. 19, 1972 [21] Appl. No.: 218,916

[52] US. Cl. 166/89 [51] Int. Cl. E21b 33/03 [58] Field of Search166/88, 89;

[56] References Cited UNITED STATES PATENTS 3,324,951 6/1967 Balmer eta]. 166/89 3,523,579 8/1970 Nelson 166/89 3,688,841 9/1972 Baugh 166/89FOREIGN PATENTS OR APPLICATIONS 677,459 1/1964 Canada 166/89 776,490l/1968 Canada... 166/89 Primary ExaminerJames A. Leppink Attorney MurrayRobinson and Ned L. Conley [57] ABSTRACT Well completion apparatuscomprises a tubing head and a tubing hanger, tubing suspended from thehanger, a valve in the tubing biased to closed position and adapted tobe opened by the pressure from a control line, a control line extendingfrom the valve to the tubing hanger and connected to passage means inthe tubing hanger, passage means in the tubing head adapted forconnection to a source of control pressure fluid, and means forconnecting the passage means in the head with the passage means in thehanger. In one embodiment a retractable screw type tubular stinger inthe tubing head makes the connection with the tubing hanger passagemeans by sealingly entering a socket in the tubing hanger. Means isprovided to align the tubing hanger azimuthally relative to the tubinghead to allow the stinger to enter such socket. In another embodimentthe tubing hanger is provided with annular isolation seals above andbelow an annular groove in the tubing hanger at the outer end of thepassage means therein, the seals engaging the tubing head above andbelow the passage means therein. In this embodiment no azimuthalalignment means is required.

14 Claims, 4 Drawing Figures 1 HEAD TO HANGER HYDRAULIC CONNECTIONBACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of The Invention This inventionrelates to well completion equipment and more particularly to means forconnecting a hydraulic. line to a tubing valve for operating the valve.

2. Description of the Prior Art It is known to provide a valve in a welltubing string to close the flow passage through the tubing, e.g., in

case of accident necessitating shutting off the flow from the wellthrough the tubing. Such a valve may be spring biased or pressuredifferential biased toward the closed position. The valve may be movedto open position by actuating means powered by hydraulic fluid in a pipeline or conduit extending down to the valve from the top of the well,e.g., from a source of pressurized hydraulic fluid on an above waterplatform in the case of a subsea well. If the hydraulic fluid pressurefails for any reason, eg if the platform is blown away in a hurricane,the tubing valve moves to closed position, shutting in the well.

The hydraulic fluid conduit tubing valve to the top of the well isusually a small diameter pipe, e.g., inch to 1 inch in outer diameter,disposed outside of the tubing and parallel thereto. Heretofore, suchhydraulic conduit or pipe has been screwed into a socket in the lowerend of a longitudinal passage extending up through the body of thetubing hanger. By suitable means such passage is continued upwardly to alevel above the tubing head top flange into the master valve or valveadapter spool. At that level the hydraulic fluid passage has beenconnected to a port extending transversely, e.g., radially, out throughthe lower flange of the tree element (valve or spool). A hydraulic fluidline coming from a source of fluid under pressure is screwed into athreaded socket at the outer end of such transverse port.

In the case of a multiple parallel tubing string completion theaforementioned means for making connection between the hydraulic fluidpassage extending up through the tubing hanger and the transverse portin the tree element flange includes for each tubing string a short pipenipple intergral with or screwed into the tubing hanger at the upper endof the hydraulic fluid passage through the tubing hanger. This hydraulicfluid nipple extends up through the sandwich seal that packs off,between the flow nipple and tubing hanger, The hydraulic fluid nippleextends upwardly into and seals with a vertical socket in the lower faceof the tree element, which socket connects with the transverse port inthe valve element flange. Alignmentmeans is provided between the tubinghead and hanger such that when the tree element is positioned on thetubing head with the bolt holes of the respective tree and head flangesin register, the hydraulic fluid nipple can be in alignment with thevertical socket in the tree element that is to telescope thereover.

The above described connection between the hydraulic fluid transversepassage in the tree element flange and the hydraulic fluid passageextending longitudinally up through the tubing hanger has been modifledto omit the need for alignment means in the case of a single tubing wellcompletion. The wall of the flow nipple in a single tubing completion ismade thick enough so that the hydraulic fluid passage in the tubinghanger body can be continued up into the flow nipple that extends fromthe to the level of the tree element. At that level, the hydraulic fluidpassage in the flow nipple is extended transversely, e.g., radially,horizontally, outwardly to an annular groove around the flow nipple.Such groove is located so as to be at the level of the transversepassage in the tree element flange. Annular seal rings around the tubingnipple above and below the annular groove provide means to seal theconnection between the radial passage and the annular groove.

In all of the above described constructions there exists the objectionthat if the tree is not in position, there is no way to connect thehydraulic fluid conduit in the well with the source of pressurizedhydraulic fluid whereby the tubing valve can be opened. Thus, whentubing is run in through blowout preventers mounted on top of the tubinghead, it is necessary to omit the tubing valve if any operations are tobe conducted through the tubing requiring an open passage through thetubing. The tubing valve must be installed later, e.g. run in on a wireline, and can be opened only when the blowout preventers have beenremoved and the tree has been installed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION According to the invention the aforementionedobjections to the prior art constructions are overcome by providing atransverse, e.g., radial, passage for hydraulic fluid in the side of thetubing head at the levelof the tubing hanger body below the flow nipplesand sand wich pack off that surmount the hanger body, and providingmeans to connect such transverse passage in the tubing head with thelongitudinal, e.g., vertical hydraulic fluid passage in the tubinghanger body.

The latter means preferably is in the form of a retractable stinger inthe transverse passage and engageable in fluid tight relationship with atransverse, e.g., radial, port in the side of the tubing hanger body.The transverse port in the hanger body connects with the longitudinalvertical passage extending downwardly to the lower face of the hangerbody.

As in the prior art constructions, the lower end of the vertical passagein the tubing hanger terminates in a socket to receive the hydraulicfluid conduit that extends down to the safety ball valve in the tubing.

The just described form of connection means requires that the tubinghanger be aligned with the tubing head so as to place the transversepassage in the tubing head in register with the transverse port intubing hanger. However in the case of multiple parallel stringcompletions such alignment means is required in any event in order toplace in registry the bolt holes on the tubing head flange and the tree(e.g., multiple valve) flange when the sockets in the latter are placedover the tubing flow nipples. Also, such alignment means is present evenin the case of if the latter are of the currently popular type employingretractable lock screws to support all] or part of the load on thetubing hanger.

In the case of parallel string multiple completion hangers, wherein thehanger is split, each of the trans verse ports in the tubing hanger islocated at a part of the hanger body where there is adequate material toprovide for a sealing connection with the stinger, in other words, inthe part of the body of the hanger to one side of the main flow passagestherethrough.

In an alternative embodiment of the invention, an annular groove isprovided around the body of the tubing single completion hangers hanger,and the groove connected by a transverse port with a longitudinalhydraulic fluid passage in the tubing hanger extending down to athreaded socket in the lower face of the hanger body. The socketconnects to the hydraulic fluid conduit that extends down alongside ofand parallel to the tubing to the tubing valve. The annular groove inthe tubing hanger is at the same level as a transverse port in thetubing head and communicates therewith regardless of the azimuthalposition of the hanger relative to the head. Annular seals are providedextending around the hanger above and below the annular groove thatcarries the hydraulic fluid. The annular seals isolate the annulargroove and prevent the hydraulic fluid from leaking out between the headand hanger. This construction is especially suited for singlecompletions where no alignment means is provided. It can also be adaptedto multiple completions by providing a plurality of annular grooves andannular isolation seals. This can be done easily in the case of multiplecompletion tubing hangers having integral bodies if there is enough wallthickness to accommodate the grooves and seals, but is more difficult inthe case of split hangers, e.g., if the isolation seals extend betweenthe hanger body sectors.

Other objects and advantages of the invention will appear from thefollowing description of preferred embodiments thereof, reference beingmade for illustration to the accompanying drawings.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS FIG. 1 is a vertical section through atubing head and tubing hanger embodying the invention, adjacent partsalso being shown;

FIG. 2 is a horizontal section taken at plane 2-2 of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a vertical section to a larger scale, taken at plane 3-3 ofFIG. 2; and

FIG. 4 is a vertical section, partly in elevation, similar to FIG. 3showing a modification.

DESCRIPTION OF PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Referring now to FIG. 1 there isshown a wellhead structure including a tubing head 1 1 surmounting acasing head 13 (shown only fragmentarily). The lower flange 15 of thetubing head is secured to the upper flange 17 of the casing head bybolts 19 and sealed thereto by ring gasket 23. The casing head 13 maysurmount further casing heads (not shown), the stack of casing headsbeing flanged or in other manner connected together in any known manneras desired.

Surmounting the wellhead structure is a tree including, for example, asthe lower element thereof, a plural (e.g., dual) bore valve 25. Thelower flange 27 of the valve 25 is secured to the upper flange 29 bybolts 31 and nuts 33.

Between the flanges 15 and 29 of the tubing head its generally tubularbody is provided with ports 34, 35 through which fluids can beintroduced into and withdrawn from the tubing head. Around the ports 34,35, there are bosses 36, 32 to receive cap screws by which connectionscan be made to the ports 34, 35, or by which cover plates can be securedthereover.

In the upper part of the tubing head there is an annular shoulder 37 onwhich are supported the sectors 39,

' 41 of the split body of multiple (e.g., dual) bore tubing hanger 43.Integral with the sectors 39, 41, respectively and extending downwardlytherefrom are tubular couplings 45, 47. Tubing strings 49, 51 aresupported from the hanger 43 by virtue of the upper ends of the stringsbeing screwed into the couplings 45, 47.

In the tubing strings are connected ball valves 53, 55 biased to closedposition by springs or pressure differential and moved to open positionby hydraulic pressure. Such valves are well known, being shown forexample, at page 3,883 of the Composite Catalogue of Oil Field Equipmentand Services 1970-71 Edition. Extending upwardly from the valves 53, 55,are pipes 57, 59 for hydraulic fluid under pressure, the pipesconstituting hydraulic control lines for the valves 53, 55. These linesextend upwardly alongside the tubing strings 49, 51 and are screwed intosockets in the lower ends of the sectors 39, 41 of the tubing hangerbody. The sockets are at the lower ends of vertical fluid passages 56,58 (described in more detail hereinafter) which extend upwardly in thehanger sectors and connect to transverse fluid passages 61, 63 extendingout to the sides of the hanger sectors.

Referring now to FIG. 2, the passages 61, 63, receive thereinretractable tubular stingers 65, 67, (described in more detailhereinafter), which connect to hydraulic fluid lines 69, 71. The lines69, 71 lead to a suitable source of pressurized hydraulic fluid (notshown) and to valve means for admitting such fluid to the lines andexhausting it therefrom as is required to open and close tubing valves53, S5.

The sectors 39, 41 are held in predetermined azi-' muthal position inthe tubing head 11 by alignment means comprising retractable lock screws73, 75. These lock screws also retain the hanger sectors on the seatsprovided by annular shoulder 37 and may support some of the weight andpressure on the hanger body. The sectors 39, 41 respectively have flowpassages 77, 79 therethrough which connect with the couplings 45, 47 atthe lower ends of the sectors.

As best shown in FIG. 2, the hanger sectors 39, 41 are provided withwings 39A, 3913, 41A, 418 at the sides of the flow passages 77, 79. Thecontrol fluid pas sages 56, 58, 61, 63 are located in these wings.

Referring once again to FIG. 1, there are tubular seal couplings 81, 83integral with and extending upwardly from the hanger sectors 39, 41 influid flow relationship with the flow passages 77, 79 through the hangersectors. Flow nipples 85, 87 are screwed into the couplings 81, 83 influid tight relationship and extend upwardly into sockets 89, 91 in thebottom of the dual bore valve 25 to which they are sealed, e.g., by 0rings or by a suitable dual bore packing gland.

When the well is flosing, oil or gas flows upwardly through tubingstrings 49 and 51 and the valves 53, 55 into hanger couplings 45, 47,and thence through flow passages 77, 79 in the hanger sectors 39, 41 andseal couplings 81, 83 into flow nipples 85, 87 and into the dual borevalve, the fluid flow being sealed off from the annulus 101.

Fluid flow in the annulus past the tubing hanger is blocked off byhanger seal 103 comprising metal base plate 105, rubber seal disc 107,and compression plate 109, all of which have two holes thereinthroughwhich extend seal couplings 81, 83. Retractable lock screws 11 1,113, (and others not appearing in the drawing) extend radially throughflange 29 and engage the bevel at the outer upper edge of compressionplate 109 to wedge it down and compress seal disc 107 into sealingengagement with the seal couplings 81, 83 and the inner periphery of thetubing head 11.

The hanger couplings 45, 47 are adapted to receive retrievable backpressure valves. (check valves closing to prevent upward flow) notshown.

Except for the hydraulic control fluid passage means the tubing head andhanger just described are the same as the tupe R equipment described onpage 4,196 of the l 971 edition of theComposite Catalogue of OilfieldEquipment and Service and more fully on page of pling 45. Control line57 is screwed into threaded socket in the lower face of the hangersector, whereby it is placed in communication with vertical passage 56extending upwardly therefrom. Vertical passage 56 connects to radialpassage 61 near the upper part of the hanger sector, within the wing 39Bbelow seal coupling 81.

The radial passage 61 is enlarged by counterborees 125, 127. A shoulder128 is formed between the counterbores. Counterbore .125 received thereduced diameter end 129 of stinger 65. Counterbore 127 receives packingmaterial rings 131, 133, junk ring and compression ring 136 whichprovide means to seal between the stinger and hanger sector wing. .Iunkring 135 bears against shoulder 128. Compression ring 136 receivesthrustfrom shoulder 137 at the juncture of the reduced diameter end 129 of thestinger and the main body 139 of the stinger. Prior to assembly with thetubing hanger the rings 131-136 are held on the end of the stingerbetween shoulder 137 and split ring 140 snapped into a groove in the endof the stinger.

The main body of the stinger is provided with an enlargement 141 whichis exteriorly threaded. The threaded portion 141 is screwed intothreaded passage 143 in the tubing head 11. Passage 143 is formed inboss 145 on the side of the tubing head.

From the foregoing it is apparent that stinger 65 is a tubular screw,threaded through the tubing head into the. tubing hanger and compressingthe packing 131, 133 to seal between the end of the stinger and thetubing. hanger passage 61. The flow passage through the stinger is. thussealed in fluid flow realtionship with passage 61 in the tubing hanger.

Instead of compressible packing material rings the seal could beeffected by means of 0 rings, in which case the junk and compressionrings could be omitted.

The stinger is held in place in the tubing head by means of the threadson portion 141 and passage 143.

The outer end of the stinger is interiorly threaded at 148 forconnection to a hydraulic line 69.

To seal between the stinger and the tubing head, passage 143 is providedwith counterbore 151, 153. Counter bore 153 is threaded and receives agland nut 155 which is screwed therein. Between the inner end 157 of thegland nut and shoulder 159 at the inner end of counterbore 151 isreceived packing means including compression ring 161, packing materialrings 163, 165, 167 and junk ring 169. By screwing in the gland nut thepacking material rings are compressed to seal between the stinger andtubing head.

In the use of the above described apparatusft'he stingers will beretracted until the tubing hanger sectors have been landed in the tubinghead. Thetubing hanger will be azimuthally aligned by lock screws 73,15, 5 ing as alignment means cooperating with the bevel groove 170formed in the hanger sectors. With .the hanger sectors in place and helddown by lock screws 111, 113 etc. acting through sandwich seal 105, 107,109, the stingers are extended into the tubing hanger sectors in fluidflow relationship with the hydraulic control fluid passages 61, 63. Thevalves 53, 55 can then be opened hydraulically so that whateveroperations desired can be performed therethrough. At this time theblowout preventer may be removed prior to attachment of the master valve215, the tubing hanger having been lowered through the preventer. Withthe master valve and tree in place, the well may be produced. Shouldtheabove described completion apparatus be broken off of the tubingstrings, the hydraulic control lines 57, 59 will be broken off too andvalves 53, 55 will automatically shut in the well.

Referring now to FIG. 4 there is shown another embodiment of theinvention which eliminates the need for azimuthal alignment of thetubing hanger with the tubing head and especially useful for single'completions. The FIG. 3 construction is the same as that of FIG. 2except that a single bore tubing hanger is used, alignment groove andlock screws are omitted, and the hydraulic control fluid passage meansis modified. The single bore tubing hanger is provided with an integralhanger coupling 177 into which tubing 176 is screwed. The hanger issupported on shoulder 179 of tubing head 181 and is held down by lockscrews 183 through sandwich packoff 185.

Around the body of the hanger there are upper and lower isolation sealannular grooves 187, 189 in which are recieved 0 rings 19], 193. Thelatter seal between the body of hanger 175 and the interior of tubinghead 181.

Between isolation seal grooves 187, 189 the tubing hanger is providedwith annular flow passage groove 195. Groove communicates through radialpassage 197 and vertical passage 199 with socket 201 in the lower faceof teh body of hanger 175. Hydraulic control line 203 is screwed intosocket 201.

Regardless of the azimuthal position of hanger 175, annular passage 195will be in communication with port 205 in the tubing head. Port 205extends through boss 20081 the side of the tubing head. The outer end ofport 205 is interiorly threaded at 207 for connection to a hydrauliccontrol fluid line 20 9.

It will be apparent that in the FIG. 4 embodiment of the invention, thesame as in the FIG. 1-3 embodiment, the hydraulic fluid passage means isconnected without reference to the presence or absence of the blowoutpreventer or the master valve of the tree. It is therefore possible, aswith the FIG. l-3 emboidment, to install the tubing shut off valve whenthe tubing is run in through the preventer and to move the shut offvalve to open position as may be required for other operations prior toremoving the preventer and installing the valve and tree.

The construction of FIG. 4 could be adapted to split hangers formultiple completions by carrying the isolation seals completely aroundeach hanger sector and joining-the upper and lower seals on each sectorover the area where the sectors abut. Compare the packoff seals shown inU.S. Pat. No. 2,794,505 to H. Allen.

Instead of joining the upper and lower seals, additional sets of upperand lower seals could be provided at different levels, each set with atubing hanger control fluid passage arcuate groove there-between, forconnection to tubing head passages at different levels.

Tubing hanger constructions employing integral bowls receiving aplurality of hanger nipples could conceivably be adapted to the presentinvention, e.g., by employing FIG. 3 type stingers in the tubing headentering radial passages in the bowl, the bowl passages being connectedto the hanger nipples by isolation seals similar to the FIG. 4construction, but the construction must be adapted to pass the shut offvalves and control tubing, e.g. as in US. Pat. No. 2,830,665, withappropriate modification and relocation of the isolation seals.

All embodiments of the invention are adapted for use not only withsingle and dual, but triple, quadruple and other higher multipleparallel string completions.

While preferred embodiments of the invention have been shown anddescribed, modifications thereof can be made by one skilled in the artwithout departing from the spirit of the invention.

1 claim:

1. Well completion a paratus comprising a tubing head,

a tubing hanger supported within the tubing head,

connection means on an underside of the tubing hanger for makingconnection to a pressure fluid control line, passage means in saidtubing hanger extending upwardly from said connection means and thenceoutwardly to the side of the tubing hanger adjacent the inner peripheryof the tubing head, and

passage means extending through the side of the tubinghead in fluid flowcommunication with said passage means in the tubing hanger and adaptedfor connection with a pressure fluid line outside the tubing head.

2. Apparatus according to claim 1 including seal means at the junctureof said passage means to prevent escape of pressure fluid from saidpassage means into the tubing head.

3. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein the passage means in thetubing head is formed by a tubular stinger which is disposed in the sideof the tubing head and is movable between an extended position in whichthe inner end of the stinger is received in the passage means'in thetubing hanger, and a retracted position in which said end is withdrawnfrom the passage means in the tubing hanger.

4. Apparatus according to claim 3 in which the passage means in thetubing head includes means for holding the stinger in the desired one ofsaid positions against forces acting axially thereon.

5. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said seal means comprises apacking means in the annulus between the end of the stinger and thepassage means in the tubing hanger.

6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said means for holding thestinger in the desired position comprises threads on the stinger andtubing head, and said seal means includes means whereby said packingmeans is compressed when-said stinger is moved to said extendedposition. i

7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said passage means in saidtubing head includes packing gland means to seal between said stingerand said tubing head, said packing gland means being provided in a bosson the side of said tubing head.

8. Apparatus according to claim 7 in which said tubing head includes anupper flange above said boss and a lower flange below said boss, saidflanges providing means for making connection respectively to an uppertree element and a casing head respectively.

9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said tubing heanger includessandwich packoff means for sealing between the tubing hanger and tubinghead above the level of said seal means between said passage means.

10. Apparatus according to claim 9 including tubing suspended from saidtubing hanger, valve means in said tubing biased to closed position andadapted to be opened by the pressure of a control fluid, conduit meansconnecting said valve to said connection means in the tubing hanger forconducting said control fluid to the valve to hold the valve open, andmeans for supplying said control fluid to said passage means in thetubing head.

11. Apparatus according to claim 2 wherein said seal means comprisesupper and lower annular seals disposed around said tubing hanger betweensaid hanger and head respectively above and below the terminus at theexterior of said hanger of said passage means in said hanger, said sealsbeing respectively above and below the terminus at the interior of saidhead of said passage means in said head, and said passage means in saidhanger including an annular groove around the outside of said hanger ata level between said annular seals ehich are respectively above andbelow said annular groove.

12. Apparatus according to claim 2, said tubing hanger including aplurality of sectors for suspending a plurality of tubing strings, eachsector including a vertical flow passage and wings at each side of saidflow passage,

said passage means in said tubing hanger being disposed in one of saidwings.

13. Apparatus according to claim 12, said tubing hanger and tubing headbeing provided with means for azimuthally aligning said hanger in saidhead for registry of said passage means in said head and hanger.

14. Apparatus according to claim 13, said passage means in said head andhanger being duplicated in each sector, each passage means in eachsector including a vertical portion extending upwardly from a lower faceof the hanger and a radial portion extending inwardly from the outerperiphery of the hanger to said vertical portion.

1. Well completion apparatus comprising a tubing head, a tubing hangersupported within the tubing head, connection means on an underside ofthe tubing hanger for making connection to a pressure fluid controlline, passage means in said tubing hanger extending upwardly from saidconnection means and thence outwardly to the side of the tubing hangeradjacent the inner periphery of the tubing head, and passage meansextending through the side of the tubinghead in fluid flow communicationwith said passage means in the tubing hanger and adapted for connectionwith a pressure fluid line outside the tubing head.
 2. Apparatusaccording to claim 1 including seal means at the juncture of saidpassage means to prevent escape of pressure fluid from said passagemeans into the tubing head.
 3. Apparatus according to claim 2 whereinthe passage means in the tubing head is formed by a tubular stingerwhich is disposed in the side of the tubing head and is movable betweenan extended position in which the inner end of the stinger is receivedin the passage means in the tubing hanger, and a retracted position inwhich said end is withdrawn from the passage means in the tubing hanger.4. Apparatus according to claim 3 in which the passage means in thetubing head includes means for holding the stinger in the desired one ofsaid positions against forces acting axially thereon.
 5. Apparatusaccording to claim 4 wherein said seal means comprises a packing meansin the annulus between the end of the stinger and the passage means inthe tubing hanger.
 6. Apparatus according to claim 4 wherein said meansfor holding the stinger in the desired position comprises threads on thestinger and tubing head, and said seal means includes means whereby saidpacking means is compressed when said stinger is moved to said extendedposition.
 7. Apparatus according to claim 6 wherein said passage meansin said tubing head includes packing gland means to seal between saidstinger and said tubing head, said packing gland means being provided ina boss on the side of said tubing head.
 8. Apparatus according to claim7 in which said tubing head includes an upper flange above said boss anda lower flange below said boss, said flanges providing means for makingconnection respectively to an upper tree element and a casing headrespectively.
 9. Apparatus according to claim 8 wherein said tubingheanger includes sandwich packoff means for sealing between the tubinghanger and tubing head above the level of said seal means between saidpassage means.
 10. Apparatus according to claim 9 including tubingsuspended from said tubing hanger, valve means in said tubing biased toclosed position and adapted to be opened by the pressure of a controlfluid, conduit means connecting said valve to said connection means inthe tubing hanger for conducting said control fluid to the valve to holdthe valve open, and means for supplying said control fluid to saidpassage means in the tubing head.
 11. Apparatus according to claim 2wherein said seal means comprises upper and lower annular seals disposedaround said tubing hanger between said hanger and head respectivelyabove and below the terminus at the exterior of said hanger of saidpassage means in said hanger, said seals being respectively above andbelow the terminus at the interior of said head of said passage means insaid head, and said passage means in said hanger including an annulargroove around the outside of said hanger at a level between said annularseals ehich are respectively above and below said annular groove. 12.Apparatus according to claim 2, said tubing hanger including a pluralityof sectors for suspending a plurality of tubing strings, each sectorincluding a vertical flow passage and wings at each side of said flowpassage, said passage means in said tubing hanger being disposed in oneof said wings.
 13. Apparatus according to claim 12, said tubing hangerand tubing head being provided with means for azimuthally aligning saidhanger in said head for registry of said passage means in said head andhanger.
 14. Apparatus according to claim 13, said passage means in saidhead and hanger being duplicated in each sector, each passage means ineach sector including a vertical portion extending upwardly from a lowerface of the hanger and a radial portion extending inwardly from theouter periphery of the hanger To said vertical portion.